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Shaping machines are machine tools which by way of chip removal give workpieces the desired shape, dimension and surface finish. They produce mainly flat surfaces, shoulders, grooves and similar shapes.
It is, however, also possible to make circularly arched surfaces The cutting is effected with single-edged tools in the interrupted cut with a working stroke and a return stroke. Since shaping can be understood as turning of workpieces with infinitely large diameter, there are many similar aspects between shaping and turning and shaping and turning tools. The main purpose of shaping is in most cases to remove relatively big amounts of material in the form of chips. Shaping is applied, for example, to remove cast-iron scale and to get fiat and aligned surfaces or to cut long or heavy parts (for machining plate edges among other things).
When high accuracy and surface quality are required, shaping is followed by other techniques, e.g. grinding or scraping. By shaping a maximum peak-to-valley roughness of Rz = 20... 40 is reached in general, which corresponds to IT 7... 10 of the tolerance system.
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