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Open-air timber storage yards consist of:
- Pile areas
They are used for timber storage and must permit the longitudinal pile length to be arranged at an angle of 45 degrees up to 90 degrees to the main wind direction. Moreover, they must have a minimum distance of 10 m to the next public road and of 30 m to 50 m to neighbouring premises.
Figure 3 Components of timber storage
yards 1 pile areas, 2 longitudinal pile sides, 3 main wind direction, 4 roads
between the piles and lanes to prevent the spreading of fire
- Roads between the piles and lanes to prevent the spreading of fire
They are free areas between the pile areas for the purpose of:
· stacker-truck traffic,
· walkways,
· fire-fighting.
Their width depends on:
· the width of the stacker trucks,
· the size of the neighbouring pile areas,
· the type of raw material and sawn timber stored.
They are gaps between the individual piles necessary for airing of the piles.
The ground of the pile areas has also to meet certain requirements. It should be plane and slightly inclined in the longitudinal direction of the pile (for the drainage of rainwater). Moreover, the ground should be free from growth, dirt, shifting sand, wood and bark waste.
Suitable ground surfacings are:
- gravel,
- crushed rock,
- concrete.
Clay or loam soil must be dewatered.
When constructing the pile base on the pile it is essential to make sure that it is of correct size and quality to guarantee the necessary stability of the pile and favourable storing and drying conditions for the sawn timber.
The pile stones are arranged on the pile area ace. to the following criteria:
- alignment (straightness) in
· height,
· pile length,
· pile width,
- horizontal position in pile width,- equal spacing in
· pile length,
· pile width.
The centre-to-centre distance of the pile stones in longitudinal direction of the pile depends on the type of wood, the length and thickness of the sawn timber. It should amount to 1000 mm up to 1400 mm. The maximum centre-to-centre distance in the pile width should be 1000 mm.
Checking of the alignment of the pile stones in longitudinal direction of the pile and in pile width direction ensues by:
- putting a long straightedge on the pile stones,
- putting the straightedge to the sides of the pile stones or
- by stretching a line over and besides the pile stones and
- by visual comparison of the pile stones with the testing means.
Figure 4 Checking of alignment of the
pile stones 1 straightedge put on pile stones, 2 straight edge put to the
sides of pile stones, 3 stretched line
The pile stones are in alignment when there are no visible gaps between the tested surfaces and the testing means.
Figure 5 Checking of alignment of the
pile stones 1 in alignment, 2 not in alignment
The horizontal position of the pile stones in pile width direction is checked by putting a water level onto the straightedge.
Figure 6
The pile supports are put on the pile stones with their longitudinal direction in pile width direction and in parallel to each other. The alignment and horizontal position of the pile supports are checked in the same way as checking of the position of the pile stones.
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