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Food from Dryland Gardens - An Ecological, Nutritional, and Social Approach to Small Scale Household Food Production (CPFE, 1991)
	(introduction...)
	Preface
	Let us hear from you
	Thanks
	How to use this book
		(introduction...)
		1. Introduction
			(introduction...)
			1.1 Some definitions
			1.2 The purpose of this book
			1.3 The organization of this book
	Part I - Gardens as a development strategy
		(introduction...)
		References
		2. Gardens and nutrition in drylands
			(introduction...)
			2.1 Summary
			2.2 Recommended dietary allowances and the nutrient content of foods
			2.3 Special nutritional needs in drylands
				(introduction...)
				2.3.1 Children’s Special Needs
				2.3.2 Women’s Special Needs
				2.3.3 Work
				2.3.4 Illness
			2.4 Energy
			2.5 Protein
			2.6 Vitamins
				(introduction...)
				2.6.1 Vitamin A
				2.6.2 Vitamin D
				2.6.3 Vitamin C
				2.6.4 Folacin
				2.6.5 Thiamin (B1)
				2.6.6 Riboflavin (B2)
				2.6.7 Niacin
			2.7 Minerals
				(introduction...)
				2.7.1 Iron (Fe)
				2.7.2 Zinc (Zn)
				2.7.3 Calcium (Ca)
			2.8 Fats
			2.9 Fiber
			2.10 Anti-Nutritients
			2.11 The effects of gardens on nutrition
				(introduction...)
				2.11.1 Nutrient Yields from Gardens
				2.11.2 Effects on Nutrition
			2.12 Resources
			References
		3. Gardens, economics, and marketing
			(introduction...)
			3.1 Summary
			3.2 People, households, and economics
				(introduction...)
				3.2.1 Production Efficiency
				3.2.2 Economic Rationality and Risk
				3.2.3 Control of Resources: Individual or the Group?
				3.2.4 Economic Development and Well-Being
			3.3 Garden economics
				(introduction...)
				3.3.1 Garden Yields
				3.3.2 Income and Savings from Gardens
				3.3.3 Household Well-Being
			3.4 Marketing garden produce
				(introduction...)
				3.4.1 Women and Marketing
				3.4.2 Risk, Investment, and Return
				3.4.3 Cooperation
				3.4.4 Garden Income and the Household
			3.5 Resources
			References
		4. Assessment techniques
			(introduction...)
			4.1 Summary
			4.2 Assessment, monitoring, and evaluation
			4.3 From whose point of view?
				(introduction...)
				4.3.1 Assessment and Collaboration
				4.3.2 Representativeness
				4.3.3 Insiders and Outsiders
				4.3.4 Participant Observation
				4.3.5 Gardens for Whom?
			4.4 What do existing gardens tell us?
			4.5 Interviews
				(introduction...)
				4.5.1 Composing Questions
				4.5.2 Translating and Back-Translating
				4.5.3 Choosing a Sample
				4.5.4 Pretesting
				4.5.5 Conducting the Interview
				4.5.6 Coding, Checking, and Analyzing
			4.6 Seasonality
			4.7 Food distribution and consumption
			4.8 Maps
			4.9 Long-term trends
			4.10 Outside sources
			4.11 Resources
			References
	Part II - Garden management
		(introduction...)
		References
		5. How plants live and grow
			(introduction...)
			5.1 Summary
			5.2 The vascular system in plants
				(introduction...)
				5.2.1 Roots
			5.3 Photosynthesis
			5.4 Transpiration
			5.5 Coping with heat and drought
			5.6 Salt tolerance
			5.7 Seasonal constraints to plant growth
				(introduction...)
				5.7.1 Daylength Requirements
				5.7.2 Temperature Requirements
			5.8 Resources
			References
		6. Growing plants from seeds
			(introduction...)
			6.1 Summary
			6.2 Sexual reproduction in plants
				(introduction...)
				6.2.1 Life Cycles
				6.2.2 Flowering
				6.2.3 Pollination
				6.2.4 Fertilization
			6.3 Seed germination and dormancy
			6.4 Suggestions for planting seeds under dryland conditions
				(introduction...)
				6.4.1 Preparing the Seeds
				6.4.2 Preparing the Planting Site
				6.4.3 Planting the Seeds
				6.4.4 Planting Density
				6.4.5 Covering the Seeds
			6.5 Caring for newly planted seeds and young seedlings
				(introduction...)
				6.5.1 Watering
				6.5.2 Mulching and Shading
			6.6 Diagnosing seed planting problems
				(introduction...)
				6.6.1 Testing Seed Germination
			6.7 Thinning
			6.8 Resources
			References
		7. Vegetative propagation
			(introduction...)
			7.1 Summary
			7.2 Cuttings
				(introduction...)
				7.2.1 Trees
				7.2.2 Perennial Herbs
				7.2.3 Cassava.
				7.2.4 Sweet Potatoes
			7.3 Tubers, tuberous roots, and bulbs
			7.4 Offsets
			7.5 Suckers
			7.6 Grafting
				(introduction...)
				7.6.1 Compatibility for Grafting
				7.6.2 Effects of Stock and Scion on the Grafted Tree
				7.6.3 Approach or Attached Scion
				7.6.4 Budding
				7.6.5 Apical Grafting
				7.6.6 Topworking
			7.7 Layering
				(introduction...)
				7.7.1 Simple Layering
				7.7.2 Air Layering
			7.8 Resources
			References
		8. Plant management
			(introduction...)
			8.1 Summary
			8.2 Nursery beds and container planting
				(introduction...)
				8.2.1 Nursery Beds
				8.2.2 Container Planting
				8.2.3 When Direct Planting is Better
			8.3 Planting sites and the sun
			8.4 Transplanting
				(introduction...)
				8.4.1 Timing
				8.4.2 The Site
				8.4.3 Water
				8.4.4 The Transplant
			8.5 Plant interactions
				(introduction...)
				8.5.1 Mixed Planting
				8.5.2 Allelopathic Plants
				8.5.3 Crop Rotation
			8.6 Weed management
				(introduction...)
				8.6.1 Resource Use
				8.6.2 Effects on Pest Populations
				8.6.3 Timing
				8.6.4 Methods of Weed Control
			8.7 Pruning
				(introduction...)
				8.7.1 Reasons to Prune
				8.7.2 Guidelines for Pruning Trees
			8.8 Trellising
			8.9 Resources
			References
		9. Soils in the garden
			(introduction...)
			9.1 Summary
			9.2 Soil and land-use classification
				(introduction...)
				9.2.1 Indigenous Classification Systems
				9.2.2 The USDA Classification of Soils in Drylands
			9.3 Physical properties of soils
				(introduction...)
				9.3.1 Soil Texture and Structure
				9.3.2 Soil Porosity and Permeability
				9.3.3 Soil Color
				9.3.4 Soil Temperature
			9.4 Soil profile and depth
			9.5 Soils and plant nutrients
				(introduction...)
				9.5.1 Soil pH and Plant Nutrition
				9.5.2 Nitrogen
				9.5.3 Phosphorus and Potassium
				9.5.4 Other Nutrients
			9.6 Organic matter
				(introduction...)
				9.6.1 Animal Manures
				9.6.2 Composting
			9.7 Preventing soil erosion
				(introduction...)
				9.7.1 Decreasing Runoff
				9.7.2 Decreasing Raindrop Impact
				9.7.3 Increasing Soil Resistance to Erosion
				9.7.4 Reducing Wind Erosion
			9.8 Building garden beds
				(introduction...)
				9.8.1 Sunken Beds
				9.8.2 Raised Beds
			9.9 Resources
			References
		10. Water, soils, and plants
			(introduction...)
			10.1 Summary
			10.2 Dryland garden water management
			10.3 Water, soils, and plants
				(introduction...)
				10.3.1 Water Storage in the Soil
				10.3.2 Water Movement in the Soil
				10.3.3 Evaporation
				10.3.4 Water Uptake and Transport by Plants
			10.4 Soil water and garden yield
			10.5 How much water?
			10.6 Measuring water applied to the garden
			10.7 When to water
			10.8 Mulches, shades, and windbreaks
				(introduction...)
				10.8.1 Surface Mulches
				10.8.2 Vertical Mulches
				10.8.3 Windbreaks, Shades, and Cropping Patterns
			10.9 Resources
			References
		11. Sources of water for the garden
			(introduction...)
			11.1 Summary
			11.2 Water quality for plants
			11.3 Water quality for people
			11.4 Rain
				(introduction...)
				11.4.1 Rainfall Records
				11.4.2 Measuring Rainfall
			11.5 Harvesting rainwater for dryland gardens
				(introduction...)
				11.5.1 Patterns of Water Harvesting
				11.5.2 Building on Local Knowledge
				11.5.3 Catchments and Runoff
				11.5.4 Estimating the Catchment to Garden Area Ratio
			11.6 Harvesting stream flow and floodwater
				(introduction...)
				11.6.1 Water Spreading
				11.6.2 Flood Recession Gardening
			11.7 Groundwater and wells
				(introduction...)
				11.7.1 Groundwater
				11.7.2 Locating a Well
				11.7.3 Hand-Dug Wells
				11.7.4 Small-Diameter Wells
			11.8 Water storage
			11.9 Resources
			References
		12. Irrigation and water-lifting
			(introduction...)
			12.1 Summary
			12.2 Irrigation efficiency
			12.3 Surface irrigation
				(introduction...)
				12.3.1 Transporting Water to the Garden
				12.3.2 Basin Irrigation
				12.3.3 Furrow Irrigation
				12.3.4 Trickle Irrigation
			12.4 Root zone irrigation
				(introduction...)
				12.4.1 Pitcher Irrigation
				12.4.2 Water Table Irrigation
			12.5 Sprinkler irrigation
			12.6 Irrigation problems
				(introduction...)
				12.6.1 Waterlogging
				12.6.2 Salinity
			12.7 Water-lifting
				(introduction...)
				12.7.1 Lifting with Human and Animal Power
				12.7.2 Lifting with Other Power Sources
			12.8 Resources
			References
		13. Pest and disease management
			(introduction...)
			13.1 Summary
			13.2 An ecological approach
				(introduction...)
				13.2.1 Pest and Disease Management by the Crop Plant
				13.2.2 Environmental and Mechanical Management of Pests and Diseases
				13.2.3 Pest and Disease Management Using Other Organisms
				13.2.4 Pest and Disease Management with Chemicals
			13.3 Examples of pest and disease management
				(introduction...)
				13.3.1 Insects
				13.3.2 Nematodes
				13.3.3 Large Animals as Pests
				13.3.4 Diseases
			13.4 Diagnosing pest and disease problems
				(introduction...)
				13.4.1 Wilts (Table 13.1 and Figure 13.26)
				13.4.2 Leaf Problems (Table 13.2 and Figure 13.27)
				13.4.3 Abnormal Growth (Table 13.3 and Figure 13.28)
				13.4.4 Fruit Problems (Table 13.4 and Figure 13.29)
			13.5 Resources
			References
	Part III - Garden harvest
		(introduction...)
		14. Saving seeds for planting
			(introduction...)
			14.1 Summary
			14.2 Seeds, gardens, and diversity
				(introduction...)
				14.2.1 Diversity in the Seed
				14.2.2 Diversity in the Garden
				14.2.3 Conserving and Using Genetic Diversity: How and for Whom?
			14.3 Seed saving
				(introduction...)
				14.3.1 Seed Harvest and Processing
				14.3.2 Seed Drying
			14.4 Saving seed from trees
				(introduction...)
				14.4.1 Cold Stratification
			14.5 Seed storage
				(introduction...)
				14.5.1 Moisture and Temperature
				14.5.2 Pest Control
			14.6 Resources
			References
		15. Processing, storing, and marketing food from the garden
			(introduction...)
			15.1 Summary
			15.2 Harvesting garden foods
			15.3 Cooking and using garden foods
				(introduction...)
				15.3.1 Fresh Foods
				15.3.2 Dried Foods
			15.4 Food drying
				(introduction...)
				15.4.1 Materials for Drying
				15.4.2 Preventing Contamination
				15.4.3 Selecting and Preparing Produce for Drying
			15.5 Sprouting and malting
				(introduction...)
				15.5.1 Sprouting
				15.5.2 Malting
			15.6 Fermentation
				(introduction...)
				15.6.1 Pickling
			15.7 Storing garden foods
				(introduction...)
				15.7.1 Preharvest Storage
				15.7.2 Postharvest Storage of Fresh Produce
				15.7.3 Storing Dried Produce
				15.7.4 Storing Other Processed Garden Foods
			15.8 Marketing garden produce
				(introduction...)
				15.8.1 Harvesting for Market
				15.5.2 Transport from Garden to Market
				15.8.3 Protecting Produce Quality at the Market
			15.9 Resources
			References
		16. Weaning foods from the garden
			(introduction...)
			16.1 Summary
			16.2 The role of weaning foods
			16.3 Nutrient density
				(introduction...)
				16.3.1 Energy
				16.3.2 Protein
				16.3.3 Vitamins and Minerals
				16.3.4 Weaning Food Consistency
			16.4 Hygiene
			16.5 Weaning as a part of daily life
			16.6 Resources
			References
		17. Glossary
			(introduction...)
			17.1 Abbreviations used in measurements
			17.2 Equivalencies in units of measurement
			17.3 Atomic symbols and molecular formulas
			17.4 Other abbreviations and acronyms
		18. Some crops for dryland gardens
			(introduction...)
			18.1 Common English and scientific names for some crops and crop groups
			18.2 Important dryland garden plant families
		19. Resource organizations
		20. References