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The Use of Organic Residues in Rural Communities (UNU, 1983, 177 p.) From the charter of the United Nations University Preface Opening address Residues of importance as potential animal feeds in Indonesia (introduction...) Introduction Background Current animal industries Potentially useful by-products and wastes in Indonesia Overview of potentially useful residues in Indonesia Conclusion Major agricultural crop residues in Indonesia and their potential as raw materials for bioconversion (introduction...) Introduction Present status of agricultural residues The prospects for intensifying and expanding the use of agricultural residues as raw materials for bioconversion Major constraints hindering the use of agricultural residues as raw materials for bioconversion Conclusions Bibliography Discussion I (introduction...) The utilization of agricultural by-products and wastes in Indonesia (introduction...) Introduction The utilization of some agricultural by-products The value of some agricultural by-products Future research objectives References Bioconversion of rice straw into improved fodder for cattle (introduction...) Preliminary treatments The present investigation The use of fibrous residues in South Asia (introduction...) Introduction Chemical composition Methods of treating cereal straw Feeding value of alkali-treated straw The economic feasibility of feeding alkali-treated straw Present use of fibrous residues in India and Sri Lanka References Protein enrichment of starchy substrates by solid-state fermentation (introduction...) Introduction Technical aspects Summary References Discussion II (introduction...) Mini-fermentation technology to produce single-cell protein from molasses (introduction...) Introduction Single-cell protein as a possibility for improving the protein supply Raw materials Proposed work programme Approach and methodology Estimated cost of the programme Summary Bibliography Current status and utilization of carbohydrate residues in Indonesia (introduction...) Introduction General objectives Main agro-industrial by-products Development strategy Conclusions Bioconversion of carbohydrate residues in Thailand (introduction...) Introduction The present status of bioconversion of carbohydrate residues in Thailand Application of bioconversion of carbohydrate residues Use of carbohydrate residues in Malaysia (introduction...) Introduction Carbohydrate residues available References Production of microbial protein for feed from banana rejects (introduction...) Introduction Review of the literature Materials and methods Direct enzymatic fermentation Potential alternative energy sources in the South Pacific (introduction...) References A model of bioconversion of aquacultural residues for aquaculture (introduction...) Introduction Materials and methods Results and discussion Conclusions References Discussion III (introduction...) Utilization of trash fish and fish wastes in Indonesia (introduction...) Utilization Production of fish silage The nutritional value of fish silage Proposal for further research References A new approach to reaching rural areas with biotechnology (introduction...) Introduction A new approach to industrialization Farm modules Advantages and disadvantages Bibliography Processes in biotechnology transfer to rural communities (introduction...) Communication of technology and its demystification In situ development and local participation Processes in transferring biotechnology to rural communities (introduction...) Introduction Biotechnologies appropriate for rural communities How biotechnology transfer might function Conclusions References Problems and possibilities of introducing appropriate technology (introduction...) Introduction The traditional farmer The failure of change and the role of government Small farmers and appropriate technology The role of science Concluding remarks References Discussion IV (introduction...) Recommendations of the working groups Special working group on biogas Report of the session on biogas Notes on biogas systems and biotechnology transfer techniques